Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 919 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Joy Luck Club Essay Did you like this example? Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan, takes the viewer on a visual history lesson about the lives of four Chinese women and their relationships with their American daughters. It starts off with Lindo and Waverly. We begin with Lindos past. At the age of fifteen, Lindo is to marry the grandson of a woman named, Mrs. Huang. They were married for four years, those were four loveless years due to the fact that Tyan Hu is pre-pubescent. Eventually, Lindo devised a plan to escape the marriage whilst still maintaining her familys honor. Fast forward a few years later, Lindo now has a daughter named Waverly who, is a chess prodigy. Lindo eventually ends up pushing young Waverly to the point that she quits chess and never plays again after losing her first game after a long hiatus. When Waverly ages. She marries and divorces a Chinese man then, she starts dating a guy named Rich. Rich is a white guy whos pretty new to the Chinese culture. His actions around the family are deemed disrespectful and he embarrasses Waverly. Eventually, he learns and earns the respect of Lindo. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan" essay for you Create order The next pair we are introduced to are Ying-Ying and Lena St. Claire. In China, Ying-Ying meets this guys named Lin-Xiao and the hit it off. Eventually, they marry and have a baby boy. One night Lin-Xiao comes home with a opera singer and completely dismisses and abandons her. Overcome with stress and depression, she drowns her baby. Years later she moves to America and bares a girl named Lena. Lena ends up marrying her boss. Her boss is so mundane and they choose to split the cost of all of the property in the house fairly. One night Ying-Ying, knocks a table over to draw Lenas attention. She tells Lena she should leave and not come back until Harold pleases her and gives her what she wants. Lena leaves and eventually finds a guy that does the job right. The next pair we meet are, An-Mei and Rose Hsu. An-Mei was separated from her mother at the age of nine because of an affair with a wealthy older man. She is reunited with her when she comes to see her mother on her deathbed. Before her mother leaves again, An-Mei goes with her. An-Mei learns that her mother is the fourth wife of Wu-Tsing. She also learns that her mother was tricked into being raped by Wu-Tsing by his second wife but, when An-Meis mother told her family no one believed her. Having no where else to go, she continued living with him. When An-Meis mother gave birth to a baby boy, Wu-Tsings second wife took the baby and claimed it to be hers. An-Meis mother commits suicide by eating sticky rice laced with opium. She planned out her death so that it would scare Wu-Tsing into believing she would come back to haunt him. He then raises An-Mei and her half brother with honor. Years later, An-Mei has a kid named Rose. When Rose grows up, she meets a guy named Ted Jordan in college. They stick together and face adversity from Teds family and work. They marry but, their marriage becomes stale when Rose becomes too submissive plus, Ted cheats on her. An-Mei pays a visit and tells Rose about her mother. She then tells Rose to stand up for herself. This results in Ted taking her seriously and their marriage is saved. The last mother daughter pair is Suyuan And June Woo. Suyuans story starts during WWII when Japan invaded China. Whilst she is on the run, she becomes ill and leaves her twin daughter along with a picture of herself and other belongings. Suyuan later remarries and has a daughter named June. Throughout most of Junes life she constantly misses her mothers expectations in life. June bombed a piano recital and Suyuan kept on pushing her causing June to wish she was dead like her twin sisters. June and Waverly have been rivals all of their lives. June believes that Suyuan has been disappointed in June because she dropped out of college and has an unsuccessful career. Suyuan assures her that while Waverly has style but, June has heart and she will always be proud of her for that. My favorite story/relationship was An-Mei and Roses. An-Meis mother experienced some of the same things as Rose. Not being assertive and being too submissive. Their relationship didnt seem as strained a the other relationships. It seems as though they were quite close. An-Mei passes the attitude that a woman should have onto Rose. Roses marriage became strained because of her overly submissive attitude. It seems as though, An-Mei passed love onto Rose through her advice and care. She only wanted for Rose to not make the same mistakes her mother made. An-Mei treats her daughter like the average parent. I dont sense the same tension shown by the other daughters and their mothers. This was special to me because my mother expresses love by giving me life advice. Sometimes all a person needs in life is good advice and, thats what An-Mei gives to Rose, the, know your worth., advice. This correlates with the self-esteem portion of Amy Chuas article. She believes that way your child perceives themselves shape their entire lives so, it is important to keep their self-esteem up. The film also demonstrates the true strictness and determination of a Chinese mother. An example is Lindo constantly pushing and supporting her daughters chess aspirations.

My Mother s English Of Vision Across Americas - 937 Words

Summary and Response From an article called My Mother’s English of Vision Across Americas, the author called Amy Tan intend to tell us that the differences between her mother’s English and standard English. Plus, the process of how she finds these differences. Moreover, she tells us the influence of it to her mother, even to her. She makes some examples to prove that her mother suffered from unfair treatment because of her mother’s nonstandard English. In other words, English limit affect the daily life of her mother. Therefore, she always pretends to be her mother when she was fifteen years old. When she grows up, she was ashamed of her English and find why her English is different from other people. Then, she tries her best to improve her English. In her article, she mentions that Sociologists and linguists will probably tell that a person’s developing language skills are more influenced by peers (Amy Tan). However, Amy Tan thinks family condition is ver y foremost for a person’s spoken English. Most of the time, people always can not find the distinction when they get used to a thing. If people do one thing for a long time, they always think it perfectly normal. In addition, the language spoken by the family plays a large role in shaping a language of the child. Her mother’s English still limits people’s perception of her. Furthermore, her mother’s English almost had an effect on limiting her possibility as well. In this article, I learn from three aspects of content,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Immigrants and Assimilation into American Society1202 Words   |  5 PagesSociety Several years ago, America was taught to be a melting pot, a place where immigrants of different cultures or races form an integrated society, but now America is more of a salad bowl where instead of forming an incorporated entity the people who make up the bowl are unwilling to unite as one. America started as an immigrant nation and has continued to be so. People all over the world come to America for several reasons. Most people come to America voluntarily, but very few come unwillinglyRead MoreCambodi The Country Of Cambodia1387 Words   |  6 Pagesaround for some time but it is completely a new idea in Cambodia. But it’s not only creative therapy that they teach. Alongside that tiny toones helps kids ages four to twenty five get an education. They have the opportunity to learn Khmer, math, English, and computer sciences while also receiving proper information about health, hygiene, drugs, and sex. From Ages four to ten education is the main focus. Most of them come to tiny toones for education first then arts later due to lack of knowledgeRead MoreThe Roles Of Sexism And Dreams1377 Words   |  6 PagesMarlenny Perez English 101: Social Justice Reflection Paper 2 Due: November 16, 2015 The Roles of Sexism and Dreams â€Å"Who the hell told you you had to be a doctor? If you so crazy ‘bout messing around with sick people- then go be a nurse like other women- or just get married and be quiet...† (38). Walter Younger, one of the protagonists of the play, makes this sexist comment towards his sister, Beneatha, and her desire to become a doctor. Walter belittles Beneatha’s dream by implying that women areRead MoreKenny Chung. Ms. Flores . English 3-4 . April 15, 2017.1129 Words   |  5 PagesKenny Chung Ms. Flores English 3-4 April 15, 2017 Who Said It Better? Trump’s Speech Compared To Obama’s Inauguration speeches are an opportunity newly elected or re-elected president to offer the table an idealistic dream of the future, and achieve the organizations in the nation together then afterward the thing that was, more frequently over not, a bitterly fought election. These speeches are always recalled all through history and fill in as the first official speech discourse fromRead MoreBiography of Muhammad Essay1585 Words   |  7 PagesAfter being born with out a father Muhammad was taken under the care of a foster mother who lived with him and another foster child in the desert for many years (Hamidullah, par. 10). After returning from the desert Muhammad made a journey to his fathers tomb with his biological mother and his uncle, unfortunately on the return trip his mother was suddenly killed. Muhammad has so much pain in his life after his mother died that the soon coming death of his grandmother was almost to much to bear andRead MoreCanadian Indian Residential Schools : Material Cultures Of North America2242 Words   |  9 Pages Canadian Indian Residential Schools: Truth Be Told Katy McNabb HIS755 - Material Cultures of North America October 30th, 2014 The history of Canadian Indian Residential schools has attracted a considerable amount of attention in Canada in recent years. Most people do not want to revisit the pain and suffering that countless Aboriginal peoples endured, and the loss of such beautiful cultures. Since the introduction of the Canadian Indian Residential school system in 1857, throughRead MoreBiography Of Alexander John Greenslade And Lady Mary Capelle2315 Words   |  10 PagesAlexander John Greenslade, Stepney, London, 1885. I was born to Lord John Greenslade and Lady Mary Capelle. In my early years, me and my kin took residency in Millbank road; walking distance from both the Palace of Westminster and Buckingham Palace. We lived in a white bricked mansion: five stories tall; a small porters lodge just outside the front door; white and gold incrusted foyer centred around a carpeted marble staircase, a glittering chandelier hanging from The Creation of Adam on the ceilingRead MoreRomanticism and Modernism as Strange Bedfellows: A Fresh Look at Jack Kerouacs On the Road12240 Words   |  49 PagesWaste Land—T. S. Eliot On 2 April 1951, in a loft in New York City, Jack Kerouac fed 120 feet of Japanese drawing paper into his typewriter, and for the next 20 days or so, began typing up his â€Å"road† notes from a series of notebooks that documented his travels across the United States and Mexico. These notes were compiled and fictionalized into a bildungsroman tale of two young men who were searching the back roads, tiny hamlets and big cities of post-World War II America. This becameRead MoreBlack Is My Favorite Color by Bernard Malamud2463 Words   |  10 PagesAbout the short story The short story Black is My Favorite Color by Bernard Malamud is about Jewish-Black relationships in America similarly to several of his other novels (such as The Assistant, 1957) and short stories. Bernard Malamud (1914-1986) was born in Brooklyn as an offspring of Russian Jewish immigrants. Along with Saul Bellow, Philip Roth and Paul Auster, Malamud is one of the most important Jewish-American writers. Black is My Favorite Color deals with prejudice in general and positiveRead MoreBlack Is My Favorite Color by Bernard Malamud2450 Words   |  10 PagesAbout the short story The short story Black is My Favorite Color by Bernard Malamud is about Jewish-Black relationships in America similarly to several of his other novels (such as The Assistant, 1957) and short stories. Bernard Malamud (1914-1986) was born in Brooklyn as an offspring of Russian Jewish immigrants. Along with Saul Bellow, Philip Roth and Paul Auster, Malamud is one of the most important Jewish-American writers. Black is My Favorite Color deals with prejudice in general and positive

How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art Free Essays

string(95) " the artists start to be more focused on the content of the artwork in order to deliver value\." Introduction The main aim of this essay is to investigate the impact of technology on contemporary art. In a more detail, this essay will exploref the impact of mobile phones and the Internet on contemporary art. This essay will include theoretical foundation, backed up with examples. We will write a custom essay sample on How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, a brief overview of the art world in the context of a general technology’s impact, will be presented. Following this,, this study will look into the effect of mobile phones and Internet in contemporary artistic creation and perception. Therefore, this essay will focus on the identification of main technological features that have impacted the art movement and the process of its production. The changes in the modern, individual perception of art are going to be investigated as well. Background of Issue Recent research suggests that we as human beings and also consumers, live in the information and digitalisation age. Internet and mobile phones have become the main sources of information and, therefore, the primary mediums of communication with other individuals (Burnham, 1970). In the cultural context, the individuals have started to focus more on the innovation acquisition and creation. The main reason behind it is the constantly changing environment, which triggers the changes in the individual perception. In the context of art, the artists have acquired the tools that facilitate the process of art creation (Shanken, 2009). On the other hand, the people have received the ability to share, what they perceive as art via more exposed and facilitated channels, namely, the Internet and mobile phones. Currently, every person may take a photo of a scene, which is perceived to be artistic and share it with others (Huffington Post, 2012). This, in turn, would be claimed as art. The conce pt of art has lost its complexity, thus becoming more technology – driven and adhering to the new cultural and artistic frameworks and concepts. As a result, it is crucial to identify the pattern and direction of the contemporary art movement in order to define its future implications. Impact of technology on the Contemporary art As it has already been estimated, technology, as part of the environmental dynamics has had a large influence on contemporary art. The internet has provided a more facilitated, digital access to a wide amount of information (Shanken, 2009). The individuals have acquired the possibility to access more enhanced amount of information, which affects the creation and production of art. This includes not only the information, itself, but also the new design programs and mobile applications (Huffington Post, 2012). Emergence of photography As part of the technological advancement, photography has become a popular form of contemporary art (Janson and Janson, 2004). To date, there are still debates as to if the significance of photography in contemporary art market is reasoned enough. This suggests that the majority of artists state that the emergence of photography as a form of art has anchored an element of shallowness to the whole concept of contemporary art (Janson and Janson, 2004). This shows that any persona can take a camera in order to make a picture, which would be considered as art. These debates have been present, however, to a lesser degree, in times of black and white film photos. At the moment, the majority of academics still tend to criticize the colour photography as it fails to deliver the beauty of the nuances and moments (Phillips, 2006). Expanding on this subject, there is also a lot of debates over the subject of the mobile phones and mobile applications. Given that photography is quite a popular form of art at the moment, there have been a lot of applications developed for photography sharing. One of the most popular mobile phone applications is Instagram (Huffington Post, 2012). There is a lot of criticism in relation to this application, since it allows the amateurs to take any picture and share it as a form of art by means of the integrated filters. However, on the other hand, mobile applications have increased the exposure of art works of less known artists (Pew Internet and American Life Project Artists Callback Survey, November/December, 2003). This is supported by the findings of the recent survey, which has been maintained among young artists. The results have demonstrated that the majority of the artists have estimated that the Internet has helped them to promote their works, and to increase the amount of networking connections. The minority of the surveyed population has stated that the Internet exposure has hurt them and their reputation (Pew Internet and American Life Project Artists Callback Survey, November/December, 2003). Change from form to perspective It is necessary to note that a change has been reported in the concept of art. This implies that, in the Modernism era, the main focus has been placed on the form in the context of art production (Bersson, 2004). Along with the rise in popularity of technology and the Internet, the main focus has shifted towards context. This implies that the originality has been framed within the boundaries of the ability to re – represent already produced art works. This adds the ironic feature to the whole concept of post-modernism art (Bersson, 2004). Content has also become quite valuable in the post-modernist era. This has been driven by the digitalisation of the art, thus placing a large focus on the content of artistic work. The context of the artworks is intensified in the light of the absence of the actual truths and facts (Prior, 2005). This implies that only the opinions and perspectives matter whereas the truths and facts have become subjective, thus changing along the dynamics of the daily lives. Post-modernists suggest that knowledge is facilitated by means of culture and language (Prior, 2005). Given the fact that the general culture and language are unified by the globalization and digitization, the knowledge is defined by the technology and internationalisation, in the context of art. Additionally, the production of artworks has become more facilitated, therefore, the artists start to be more focused on the content of the artwork in order to deliver value. You read "How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art?" in category "Essay examples" Impact on production Along with the global advancement and the significance of the innovative product solutions, at the moment, the artists have all the necessary tools in order to produce art. However, the importance of handmade paintings has been diminished over the past decade (CNN, 2006). This implies that the paintings have been linked to more aesthetic and esoteric works of art. Photography, on the other hand, has become a true form of art (Bersson, 2004). This implies that the handmade paintings evolved into a computerized form of art, namely photography. The technology, namely PC, Internet and Smartphones have allowed producing and exposing the photographs by the click of the mouse, via specialized applications and programs. The supportive production-related technological appliances still fall into the specializing category, thus being quite expensive (Poole and Ho, 2011). As the result, the majority of artists tend to rent the editing technology in order to produce qualitative pieces of works. In this case, the main focus is placed on the quality and value of the work and this attracts the artists to use more expensive appliances at the high end. Given this desire, the artists still need a specialized knowledge and skills in order to utilize editing applications and technological solutions (Poole and Ho, 2011). Only the minority of artists tend to utilize the computer based programs for the entire art production process. Normally, the artists would make the sketches and then finish them by means of computerized programs, namely for colouring purposes. Even though, it has been suggested that the production of art via PC-based programs is more facilitated, it is well arguable. This suggests that a number of artists claim that the process of art production still, requires the same amount of skills while utilizing specialized computer programs, as in the hand-made art production (Poole and Ho, 2011). The only difference applies to the specifics of the required techniques and abilities, however, not to the degree. There is a high concern over the security and privacy of the shared creative content. Even though, Pew Internet and American Life Project Artists Callback Survey, (2003) demonstrated that the artists have not experienced any negative consequences of high visibility of their works over Internet, there is still high risk associated with this. Recent research suggests that the privacy and security are regarded to be the main issues that may arise on the Internet (Kim et al., 2004). However, these are attributed to the degree of the perceived security in relation to interactive platform. This implies that older users of computer – based programs do not perceive Internet-based platform as highly risky in terms of privacy and security. Therefore, the studies suggest that the increase in confidence in utilizing the Internet is correlated to the less perceived risk in relation to the possibility of the private content share. Impact on Perception of Art It has been estimated that, after the Modernism era, the line between the high art and popular art has become more unclear. This implies that the concepts of popular and high types of art have become mixed up as the result of a large impact of technology, globalization, and ideas (Bertozzi and Jenkins, 2007). This has started with the rise in popularity of Andy Warhol’s art works (CNN, 2006). Modern art is defined by the ability of the artists to become popular in small, niche groups, rather than on a more global scale. This suggests that art has become more scattered, however, also more unified in terms of categorization. This implies that there are a lot of different types of artworks and movements; however, there is no clear focus on any of those movements (Bertozzi, 2007). Contemporary art is defined by the ability to express the views and opinions with others. And this is easier to do in the modern age of interactive, social media. Therefore, people have a more enhanced access to the artworks, which results in the emergence of inspiration to produce art. It has been stated that the whole social networking share platform increases the chance for plagiarism. It is especially intensified since in the modern age, the majority of artists, tend to transform and re-produce the current media content (Bertozzi and Jenkins, 2007). These actions are linked to the features of plagiarism. However, this should be regarded more as evolution of art, rather than plagiarism. In details, this suggests that the artists utilize the raw materials, which are found in the existing artworks, in order to re-produce the new creations (Bertozzi and Jenkins, 2007). For example, the fact that jazz music has evolved from creative improvisations of the popular music melodies proves this suggestion. This implies that it has not been labelled as plagiarism. Therefore, the main question arises as to how people should perceive the modern digital art – shallow and/or the evolu tion of the post-modernism art movement. It is suggested by a number of academics that, in general, digital communication is regarded to be shallow (Chomsky in Salon, 2011). It is mainly associated with the need to put the thought in a short sentence so that it would fit in 140 characters on Twitter. This may be assumed to be shallow since shortening modifications are made in order to share the thought on Twitter. These modifications tend to include the utilization of urban language and abbreviations, which result in the shallowness of the language (Chomsky in Salon, 2011) The same applies to art, where the individual may take any picture of any object and share it with others whilst claiming that it is an artwork. On the other hand, post – modernism art movement is defined by the ability to share the views and perceptions of the ways one sees the world, which is innovative by definition. This suggests that different people view the world differently. On the other hand, the picture that is shared via social networking website may be just need to practice the skills in the production of the artworks, in order to grow as an artist. And in this evolution, some people might find the new art movement, that may be appreciated. Additionally, as it turns out, the artworks have to be either aesthetic or deliver some message to the people. As Pablo Picasso once stated, – â€Å"Art is a lie that makes you realize the truth† (Gardner and Kleiner, 2010, p.699). Therefore, the content is highly crucial in the context of the ability to tell the truth. This, in turn, expands individual perception and their way of thinking (Costache, 2000). As the result, if the artwork reaches the person and its cognition than it has been worth producing. Conclusion This paper was designed in order to demonstrate the exploration of the role of mobile phones and Internet in art perception and production. It has been estimated that recently, the technological advancement has driven the majority of the population to utilize the Internet and mobile phones for communication purposes. This has also affected the art industry. This implies that the artists have started to utilize digitalised tools for art production. This has been perceived as a facilitated way to produce art. However, it has been further stated that the utilization of the specialized computer based equipment requires highly developed skills. Another problem with the technological integration in art production has been attributed to the ability of to make the work artistic by means of mobile applications. This adds the element of shallowness to the actual art production and further perception. As with the digital communication, the majority of critics tend to perceive it as being a not serious form of art. However, given the general shift from the form to the context and content, this may be regarded as the evolution of art, in general. This implies that people do not focus entirely on the significance form in the artworks; however, they tend to acknowledge the message it has to deliver. This is directly interrelated with the key aim to share the perspective of the world and situations with others. In general, it has been found out that the majority of artists tend to benefit from the integration of technology. It has been estimated that the main benefit is attributed to the ability to generate and expand the networking connections by means of social networking. Furthermore, the Internet is a medium that allows reaching more customers thus adding exposure to the artist and his works. References Bersson R. (2004). Responding to art: form, content, and context, p.67, McGraw – Hill: USA Bertozzi H., Jenkins V. (2007). 7 Artistic Expression in the Age of Participatory Culture: How and Why Young People Create. Routledge: UK. Available: http://www.artsjournal.com/league/bertozzi.pdf (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Burnham, J. (1970). The Aesthetics of Intelligent Systems. On the Future of Art, p.119, New York: Viking Chomsky in Salon. (2012). Why Chomsky is wrong about Twitter. Available: http://www.salon.com/2011/10/23/why_chomsky_is_wrong_about_twitter/ (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Costache I. (2000). â€Å"The Truth in Painting† Or in TextThe Dialogue Between Studio Art and Theory in Education. Available: http://www.aesthetics-online.org/articles/index.php?articles_id=9 (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) CNN, (2006). Globalization, technology changing the art world. Available: http://articles.cnn.com/2006-11-26/entertainment/art.globalization_1_high-art-curators-and-museum-directors-art-boom?_s=PM:SHOWBIZ (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Gardner H., Kleiner F., (2010). Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective, Volume 2, p. 699, Cengage: USA Huffington Post, (2012). Instagram: Photography’s Antichrist, Savior, Or Something In Between?. Available: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/18/instagram-photography_n_1893230.html?utm_hp_ref=design#slide=1536224 (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Janson H., Janson A. (2004). History of Art: The Western Tradition, 6th ed., Pearson: USA Kim S.S., Malhotra K.N., Agarwal J., (2004). Internet Users’ Information Privacy Concerns (IUIPC): The Construct, the Scale, and a Causal Model. Information Systems Research, Vol.15, Iss. 4, pp. 336 -355 Shanken E.A. (2009). Art in the Information Age:Technology and Conceptual Art. Leonardo, Vol.35, Iss. 4, pp. 433-438 Phillips R. (2006). Modeling Life: Art Models Speak About Nudity, Sexuality, And the Creative Process, p.24, New York Press: New York Poole D. and Ho S. (2011). Digital Transitions and the Impact of New Technology On the Arts. Available: http://www.cpaf-opsac.org/en/themes/documents/DigitalTransitionsReport-FINAL-EN.pdf (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Prior N. (2005). A Question of Perception: Bourdieu, Art and the Postmodern. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol.56, Iss.1, 123-139 How to cite How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art?, Essay examples How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art Free Essays string(95) " the artists start to be more focused on the content of the artwork in order to deliver value\." Introduction The main aim of this essay is to investigate the impact of technology on contemporary art. In a more detail, this essay will exploref the impact of mobile phones and the Internet on contemporary art. This essay will include theoretical foundation, backed up with examples. We will write a custom essay sample on How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, a brief overview of the art world in the context of a general technology’s impact, will be presented. Following this,, this study will look into the effect of mobile phones and Internet in contemporary artistic creation and perception. Therefore, this essay will focus on the identification of main technological features that have impacted the art movement and the process of its production. The changes in the modern, individual perception of art are going to be investigated as well. Background of Issue Recent research suggests that we as human beings and also consumers, live in the information and digitalisation age. Internet and mobile phones have become the main sources of information and, therefore, the primary mediums of communication with other individuals (Burnham, 1970). In the cultural context, the individuals have started to focus more on the innovation acquisition and creation. The main reason behind it is the constantly changing environment, which triggers the changes in the individual perception. In the context of art, the artists have acquired the tools that facilitate the process of art creation (Shanken, 2009). On the other hand, the people have received the ability to share, what they perceive as art via more exposed and facilitated channels, namely, the Internet and mobile phones. Currently, every person may take a photo of a scene, which is perceived to be artistic and share it with others (Huffington Post, 2012). This, in turn, would be claimed as art. The conce pt of art has lost its complexity, thus becoming more technology – driven and adhering to the new cultural and artistic frameworks and concepts. As a result, it is crucial to identify the pattern and direction of the contemporary art movement in order to define its future implications. Impact of technology on the Contemporary art As it has already been estimated, technology, as part of the environmental dynamics has had a large influence on contemporary art. The internet has provided a more facilitated, digital access to a wide amount of information (Shanken, 2009). The individuals have acquired the possibility to access more enhanced amount of information, which affects the creation and production of art. This includes not only the information, itself, but also the new design programs and mobile applications (Huffington Post, 2012). Emergence of photography As part of the technological advancement, photography has become a popular form of contemporary art (Janson and Janson, 2004). To date, there are still debates as to if the significance of photography in contemporary art market is reasoned enough. This suggests that the majority of artists state that the emergence of photography as a form of art has anchored an element of shallowness to the whole concept of contemporary art (Janson and Janson, 2004). This shows that any persona can take a camera in order to make a picture, which would be considered as art. These debates have been present, however, to a lesser degree, in times of black and white film photos. At the moment, the majority of academics still tend to criticize the colour photography as it fails to deliver the beauty of the nuances and moments (Phillips, 2006). Expanding on this subject, there is also a lot of debates over the subject of the mobile phones and mobile applications. Given that photography is quite a popular form of art at the moment, there have been a lot of applications developed for photography sharing. One of the most popular mobile phone applications is Instagram (Huffington Post, 2012). There is a lot of criticism in relation to this application, since it allows the amateurs to take any picture and share it as a form of art by means of the integrated filters. However, on the other hand, mobile applications have increased the exposure of art works of less known artists (Pew Internet and American Life Project Artists Callback Survey, November/December, 2003). This is supported by the findings of the recent survey, which has been maintained among young artists. The results have demonstrated that the majority of the artists have estimated that the Internet has helped them to promote their works, and to increase the amount of networking connections. The minority of the surveyed population has stated that the Internet exposure has hurt them and their reputation (Pew Internet and American Life Project Artists Callback Survey, November/December, 2003). Change from form to perspective It is necessary to note that a change has been reported in the concept of art. This implies that, in the Modernism era, the main focus has been placed on the form in the context of art production (Bersson, 2004). Along with the rise in popularity of technology and the Internet, the main focus has shifted towards context. This implies that the originality has been framed within the boundaries of the ability to re – represent already produced art works. This adds the ironic feature to the whole concept of post-modernism art (Bersson, 2004). Content has also become quite valuable in the post-modernist era. This has been driven by the digitalisation of the art, thus placing a large focus on the content of artistic work. The context of the artworks is intensified in the light of the absence of the actual truths and facts (Prior, 2005). This implies that only the opinions and perspectives matter whereas the truths and facts have become subjective, thus changing along the dynamics of the daily lives. Post-modernists suggest that knowledge is facilitated by means of culture and language (Prior, 2005). Given the fact that the general culture and language are unified by the globalization and digitization, the knowledge is defined by the technology and internationalisation, in the context of art. Additionally, the production of artworks has become more facilitated, therefore, the artists start to be more focused on the content of the artwork in order to deliver value. You read "How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art?" in category "Essay examples" Impact on production Along with the global advancement and the significance of the innovative product solutions, at the moment, the artists have all the necessary tools in order to produce art. However, the importance of handmade paintings has been diminished over the past decade (CNN, 2006). This implies that the paintings have been linked to more aesthetic and esoteric works of art. Photography, on the other hand, has become a true form of art (Bersson, 2004). This implies that the handmade paintings evolved into a computerized form of art, namely photography. The technology, namely PC, Internet and Smartphones have allowed producing and exposing the photographs by the click of the mouse, via specialized applications and programs. The supportive production-related technological appliances still fall into the specializing category, thus being quite expensive (Poole and Ho, 2011). As the result, the majority of artists tend to rent the editing technology in order to produce qualitative pieces of works. In this case, the main focus is placed on the quality and value of the work and this attracts the artists to use more expensive appliances at the high end. Given this desire, the artists still need a specialized knowledge and skills in order to utilize editing applications and technological solutions (Poole and Ho, 2011). Only the minority of artists tend to utilize the computer based programs for the entire art production process. Normally, the artists would make the sketches and then finish them by means of computerized programs, namely for colouring purposes. Even though, it has been suggested that the production of art via PC-based programs is more facilitated, it is well arguable. This suggests that a number of artists claim that the process of art production still, requires the same amount of skills while utilizing specialized computer programs, as in the hand-made art production (Poole and Ho, 2011). The only difference applies to the specifics of the required techniques and abilities, however, not to the degree. There is a high concern over the security and privacy of the shared creative content. Even though, Pew Internet and American Life Project Artists Callback Survey, (2003) demonstrated that the artists have not experienced any negative consequences of high visibility of their works over Internet, there is still high risk associated with this. Recent research suggests that the privacy and security are regarded to be the main issues that may arise on the Internet (Kim et al., 2004). However, these are attributed to the degree of the perceived security in relation to interactive platform. This implies that older users of computer – based programs do not perceive Internet-based platform as highly risky in terms of privacy and security. Therefore, the studies suggest that the increase in confidence in utilizing the Internet is correlated to the less perceived risk in relation to the possibility of the private content share. Impact on Perception of Art It has been estimated that, after the Modernism era, the line between the high art and popular art has become more unclear. This implies that the concepts of popular and high types of art have become mixed up as the result of a large impact of technology, globalization, and ideas (Bertozzi and Jenkins, 2007). This has started with the rise in popularity of Andy Warhol’s art works (CNN, 2006). Modern art is defined by the ability of the artists to become popular in small, niche groups, rather than on a more global scale. This suggests that art has become more scattered, however, also more unified in terms of categorization. This implies that there are a lot of different types of artworks and movements; however, there is no clear focus on any of those movements (Bertozzi, 2007). Contemporary art is defined by the ability to express the views and opinions with others. And this is easier to do in the modern age of interactive, social media. Therefore, people have a more enhanced access to the artworks, which results in the emergence of inspiration to produce art. It has been stated that the whole social networking share platform increases the chance for plagiarism. It is especially intensified since in the modern age, the majority of artists, tend to transform and re-produce the current media content (Bertozzi and Jenkins, 2007). These actions are linked to the features of plagiarism. However, this should be regarded more as evolution of art, rather than plagiarism. In details, this suggests that the artists utilize the raw materials, which are found in the existing artworks, in order to re-produce the new creations (Bertozzi and Jenkins, 2007). For example, the fact that jazz music has evolved from creative improvisations of the popular music melodies proves this suggestion. This implies that it has not been labelled as plagiarism. Therefore, the main question arises as to how people should perceive the modern digital art – shallow and/or the evolu tion of the post-modernism art movement. It is suggested by a number of academics that, in general, digital communication is regarded to be shallow (Chomsky in Salon, 2011). It is mainly associated with the need to put the thought in a short sentence so that it would fit in 140 characters on Twitter. This may be assumed to be shallow since shortening modifications are made in order to share the thought on Twitter. These modifications tend to include the utilization of urban language and abbreviations, which result in the shallowness of the language (Chomsky in Salon, 2011) The same applies to art, where the individual may take any picture of any object and share it with others whilst claiming that it is an artwork. On the other hand, post – modernism art movement is defined by the ability to share the views and perceptions of the ways one sees the world, which is innovative by definition. This suggests that different people view the world differently. On the other hand, the picture that is shared via social networking website may be just need to practice the skills in the production of the artworks, in order to grow as an artist. And in this evolution, some people might find the new art movement, that may be appreciated. Additionally, as it turns out, the artworks have to be either aesthetic or deliver some message to the people. As Pablo Picasso once stated, – â€Å"Art is a lie that makes you realize the truth† (Gardner and Kleiner, 2010, p.699). Therefore, the content is highly crucial in the context of the ability to tell the truth. This, in turn, expands individual perception and their way of thinking (Costache, 2000). As the result, if the artwork reaches the person and its cognition than it has been worth producing. Conclusion This paper was designed in order to demonstrate the exploration of the role of mobile phones and Internet in art perception and production. It has been estimated that recently, the technological advancement has driven the majority of the population to utilize the Internet and mobile phones for communication purposes. This has also affected the art industry. This implies that the artists have started to utilize digitalised tools for art production. This has been perceived as a facilitated way to produce art. However, it has been further stated that the utilization of the specialized computer based equipment requires highly developed skills. Another problem with the technological integration in art production has been attributed to the ability of to make the work artistic by means of mobile applications. This adds the element of shallowness to the actual art production and further perception. As with the digital communication, the majority of critics tend to perceive it as being a not serious form of art. However, given the general shift from the form to the context and content, this may be regarded as the evolution of art, in general. This implies that people do not focus entirely on the significance form in the artworks; however, they tend to acknowledge the message it has to deliver. This is directly interrelated with the key aim to share the perspective of the world and situations with others. In general, it has been found out that the majority of artists tend to benefit from the integration of technology. It has been estimated that the main benefit is attributed to the ability to generate and expand the networking connections by means of social networking. Furthermore, the Internet is a medium that allows reaching more customers thus adding exposure to the artist and his works. References Bersson R. (2004). Responding to art: form, content, and context, p.67, McGraw – Hill: USA Bertozzi H., Jenkins V. (2007). 7 Artistic Expression in the Age of Participatory Culture: How and Why Young People Create. Routledge: UK. Available: http://www.artsjournal.com/league/bertozzi.pdf (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Burnham, J. (1970). The Aesthetics of Intelligent Systems. On the Future of Art, p.119, New York: Viking Chomsky in Salon. (2012). Why Chomsky is wrong about Twitter. Available: http://www.salon.com/2011/10/23/why_chomsky_is_wrong_about_twitter/ (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Costache I. (2000). â€Å"The Truth in Painting† Or in TextThe Dialogue Between Studio Art and Theory in Education. Available: http://www.aesthetics-online.org/articles/index.php?articles_id=9 (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) CNN, (2006). Globalization, technology changing the art world. Available: http://articles.cnn.com/2006-11-26/entertainment/art.globalization_1_high-art-curators-and-museum-directors-art-boom?_s=PM:SHOWBIZ (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Gardner H., Kleiner F., (2010). Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective, Volume 2, p. 699, Cengage: USA Huffington Post, (2012). Instagram: Photography’s Antichrist, Savior, Or Something In Between?. Available: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/18/instagram-photography_n_1893230.html?utm_hp_ref=design#slide=1536224 (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Janson H., Janson A. (2004). History of Art: The Western Tradition, 6th ed., Pearson: USA Kim S.S., Malhotra K.N., Agarwal J., (2004). Internet Users’ Information Privacy Concerns (IUIPC): The Construct, the Scale, and a Causal Model. Information Systems Research, Vol.15, Iss. 4, pp. 336 -355 Shanken E.A. (2009). Art in the Information Age:Technology and Conceptual Art. Leonardo, Vol.35, Iss. 4, pp. 433-438 Phillips R. (2006). Modeling Life: Art Models Speak About Nudity, Sexuality, And the Creative Process, p.24, New York Press: New York Poole D. and Ho S. (2011). Digital Transitions and the Impact of New Technology On the Arts. Available: http://www.cpaf-opsac.org/en/themes/documents/DigitalTransitionsReport-FINAL-EN.pdf (Accessed on 21st Nov. 2012) Prior N. (2005). A Question of Perception: Bourdieu, Art and the Postmodern. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol.56, Iss.1, 123-139 How to cite How have mobile phones and Internet changed contemporary art?, Essay examples

Moral Development and Dilemmas of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example For Students

Moral Development and Dilemmas of Huckleberry Finn Essay The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is based on a young boys coming of age in Missouri of the mid-1800s. This story depicts many serious issues that occur on the dry land of civilization better known as society. As these somber events following the Civil War are told through the young eyes of Huckleberry Finn, he unknowingly develops morally from both the conforming and non-conforming influences surrounding him on his journey to freedom. Hucks moral evolution begins before he ever sets foot on the raft down the Mississippi. His mother has died, and his father is constantly in a drunken state. Huck grows up following his own rules until he moves in with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Together, the women attempt to civilize Huck by making him attend school, study religion, and act in a way the women find socially acceptable. However, Hucks free-spirited soul keeps him from joining the constraining and lonely life the two women have in store for him. The freedom Huck seeks in Tom Sawyers gang is nothing more than romantic childs-play. Raiding a caravan of Arabs really means terrorizing young children on a Sunday school picnic, and the stolen joolry is nothing more than turnips or rocks. Huck is disappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real and so, along with the other members, he resigns from the gang. Still, he ignorantly assumes that Tom is superior to him because of his more suitable family background and fascination with Romantic literature (Twain). Pap and the kidnapping play another big role in Hucks moral development. Pap is completely antisocial and wishes to undo all of the civilizing effects that the Widow and Miss Watson have attempted to instill in him. However, Pap does not symbolize freedom; he promotes drunkenness, prejudice, and abuse. Huck escapes the cabin to search for the freedom he yearns for. It is after he escapes to Jackson Island that he meets the most influential character of the novel, Jim. After conversing, Huck learns things about the runaway slave that he had never been aware of. Jim has a family, dreams, and talents such as knowing all kinds of signs about the future, peoples personalities, and weather forecasting (Twain 69). However, Huck sees Jim as a gullible slave. He plays tricks on him like the rattlesnake event that nearly gets Jim killed. At this point in the novel, Huck still holds the belief that blacks are essentially different from whites. In addition, his conscience reminds him that hes a low-down and dirty abolitionist for helping Jim run away from his owner. Huck does not see that Jim is looking for freedom just as he is (Master Plots). The first adventure Huck and Jim take part in while searching for freedom is the steamboat situation. Huck shows development of character in tricking the watchman into going back to the boat to save the criminals. Even though they are thieves, and plan to murder another man, Huck still feels that the forfeit of their lives would be too great a punishment. Some may see Hucks reaction to the event as crooked but, unlike most of society, Huck Finn sees the good in people and attempts to help them with sincerity and compassion. Getting lost in the fog while floating down the Mississippi River leads to a major turning point in the development of Huck Finns character. Up to this event, he has seen Jim as a lesser person than himself. After trying to deny the fog event to Jim, he says, It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a slave; but I done it, and I warnt ever sorry for it afterward, neither (Twain 92). He continues by explaining how he could never do such a thing again. Huck has clearly gained respect for Jim here, which explains the risks he is willing to take for Jim later in the book. A short yet significant scene is when the men on shore want to check Hucks raft for runaway slaves. He escapes by tricking them into thinking that his dad is onboard with smallpox. A Belief System- The Crucible EssayHuckleberry Finn was able to rise above the rest of society. As a young boy, he learned many things about the cruel world, and what freedom really means. Huck will never accept civilization and he will always go back to the safety net of the Mississippi River. Though there were times when he made the wrong decision, the reader must realize that growing up is a trial-and-error. Society has come a long way since the Civil War, and it is important to realize that people like the characters, Jim and Huckleberry Finn, have made freedom accessible to all that need a harbor from the dry limits of society soil (Englewood 53). Although Huckleberry Finn seems to get into a lot of trouble, as he is dishonest at many times throughout the novel, his character seems to melt in the readers hand once his fine moral nature begins to unfold. The game Huck plays drifts him into an occasion of rare moral crisis, where he must choose between violating the entire code of social, religious, conventional behavior which the world has taught him, and betraying the person who needs and loves him most and whom he loves most. He writes a letter which tells Miss Watson that her slave, Jim, is in Mr. Phelps possession. After writing the letter he says: I felt good and all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever so in my life, and I knowed I could pray now. But I didnt do it straight off but laid the paper down and set there thinking how good it was all this happened so, and how near I come to being lost and going to hell. After studying the letter he then said, All right, then, Ill go to hell and tore it up (Twain 216). Another thing that affected Huck and may have contributed to his unhappiness that brought him over the edge to run away was lack of money. Early on Huck and his father sold his fortune to Judge Thatched for a dollar. This lack of money may have put an even bigger strain on the father, causing him drink his sorrows away and act irrationally towards Huck. This brought on the constant beatings that Huck was forced to endure until he gained the courage to fake his death, and leave his pitiful life back at the mouth of the river. Money also played a part concerning those two swindling crooks, the King and Duke. The king and Duke tried to pass themselves off as being distant relatives. Their new identity would put them at hand with a large amount of cash. Ultimately their cover was revealed. Huck is able to escape unscathed, but the King and Duke werent as fortunate as tar and feathers awaited them (Twain 318). Drinking also plays a part in Hucks dilemmas as the story unravels drinking led Hucks father to beat him. Living in an unhappy situation such as this gave Huck reason to start out on his own adventure. Drinking also led to the Dukes easy admittance of hiding the money. In this situation, the drunkenness exhibited by both characters helped to put a hole in their cover up. While they were questioned and served a heavy punishment, it was really Huck who stole the money before all of their eyes (Master Plots). Throughout the novel Huck overcomes numerous obstacles and endures various negative repercussions to attain both emotional and physical freedom. Twains implied lessons were expressed within Huckleberrys moral dilemmas. The novel ends with a frustrated Huck stating; Aunt Sally shes gonna adopt me and civilize me and I cant stand it. I been there before. Although the novel ends leaving the reader with a sense that Huck is truly free, he will forever be followed by his moral dilemmas.

Voyage to the Lungs and Out the Nose free essay sample

Today we are going to be entering the right femoral vein of a healthy female. I am your pilot Kierra Lewis. While we embark on this journey, make sure that you keep your hands and feet inside the submarine at all times. Fasten your seat belts and let’s start our journey! We will begin our journey in the femoral vein. As you can see the femoral vein is a blood vessel that is responsible for carrying blood from the leg back to the heart via the iliac veins. This is the largest vein in the groin area. Any blockages in this vein can lead to serious medical problems. Oh no! Passengers we have just gotten word that there is a bacterium that is invading the lower lobe of the right lung! So, we will be travelling there via the pulmonary artery. We will get to see what actually happens when a bacterium invades the body and the defense mechanisms that our bodies take to get rid of those invading bacteria. We will write a custom essay sample on Voyage to the Lungs and Out the Nose or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now we will be leaving the femoral vein and entering the inferior vena cava. As you all can see the inferior vena cava is a large vein that goes through the abdomen. It collects blood from the lumbar veins, hepatic veins, gonadal veins, renal veins, and the phrenic veins. We are now reaching the end of the inferior vena cava and we will now be entering the right atrium that will lead us into the heart. We have now arrived to the right atrium of the heart. As you can see looking out of your windows, the right atrium of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body via the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. So everything is connected in terms of blood flow so that the blood will return to the right atrium of the heart. You can also see the contractions that the atrium is making. This is due to the sinoatrial node that sends impulses to the cardiac muscle tissue which causes it to contract in a wave-like manner. Now we are going to enter the tricuspid valve. As you look at the tricuspid valve, you can see that it is the doorway that separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. This valve opens to allow the de-oxygenated blood from the right atrium to flow to the right ventricle. So, let’s increase our speed so we can make it into the right ventricle before the tricuspid valve closes! Hold on tight! Ok my fellow passengers we have now made it into the right ventricle. If you look ahead, the pulmonary valve is closed so that the right ventricle can fill up with blood. So this part of the journey may get a little rough. Now that the ventricle is full of blood, you can see that the right ventricle is starting to contract. Since the right ventricle has contracted the tricuspid valve is closing and the pulmonary valve is opening up. So, let’s move to the pulmonary artery now! As you continue to look ahead and think back on where we have traveled from, you can see that the right pulmonary artery is the blood vessel that transports de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the right lung. We are moving through the pulmonary artery. Now we have reached the end of the pulmonary artery and have reached our destination to the lower lobe of the right lung. Since there is a bacterium invading the lower lobe of the right lung, I will now ask that everyone stays in their seats and make sure your safety belts are fastened because we may experience some turbulence. Thank You! If you look to your right, you can see that the bacterium is trying to invade the lung. You can see the three lobes of the right lung, but at the moment the bacteria seems to be focused on the lower lobe. As you can see the female’s immune system is kicking in and leukocytes are starting to show up on the scene. The leukocytes are beginning to perform nonspecific immunity. Nonspecific immunity is the body’s first line of defense against invading bacterium. As you can see with this immunity the body attacks the bacterium head on to try and kill it. With specific immunity you can see that those leukocytes attack certain bacterium. In this case the body is using nonspecific immunity to kill the bacterium. The leukocytes are engulfing the bacterium and killing them directly. Now that the leukocytes have killed all the bacteria, the â€Å"Battle of the Lung is over. † We will now proceed to leave the body through the nose and end our journey. We are now crossing the alveoli membrane. The alveoli membranes are the respiratory surfaces of the lungs. I need all passengers to pay close attention because we are going to speed up just a little bit because we don’t have much time before the submarine returns to its normal size. Now that we are leaving the alveoli membrane we are now entering the bronchioles. If you look around, the bronchioles are small bronchial tubes that send air to the alveoli. We are now experiencing some major turbulence from the wind gusts so make sure you stay in your seats. Now we will be entering the trachea through the right bronchial tube. If you look around you can see that the trachea is shaped like a pipe and is also known as the windpipe of the body. As we leave the trachea, we are now entering the larynx. The larynx is the voice box where air is directed to the trachea. If you look to your right you can see the vocal cords that we use when speaking. Now we are entering the pharynx, which is also known as the throat. Hold on tight because we will now be leaving the pharynx and exiting the body through the nose. We will also experience some turbulence when exiting through the nose because as you can see, there are long hairs all around that prevent the body from acquiring infections from particles that try to enter the nose. We are now exiting the nose. Thank you for your time and consideration, we will now be returning to normal size.  Now you may gather all of your belongings and exit the front of the submarine. Thank you and have a great day!

Bilingual children Essays

Bilingual children Essays Bilingual children Essay Bilingual children Essay Results of the study will help educators find the best way to teach mathematics in which bilingual children will be able to understand and apply outside the classroom. In general, results of the study will help in finding the best way to teach children who are limited English proficient in such a way that these children can understand and apply the lessons with other activities. Moreover, the study will help teachers train their students with confidence. In Chapter 2, a review of literature is provided. In this chapter, the definition of bilingualism is discussed. Researches undertaken on bilingual children’s cognitive development are provided. Then bilingual education is defined according to literature. Historical background on the evolution of bilingual education (1800s-1900s) is also provided. The author also discusses emotional, linguistic and academic issues bilingual education is concerned with. Mathematics education is also discussed in this chapter. Theories applied in mathematics teaching are discussed. Problem solving is given importance in the discussion on mathematics education. Cognitive background information on addition, subtraction multiplication and division is also given which provides as basis for the word problems given to the participants of the study. Finally, in this chapter, researches done involving mathematics and bilingualism are provided. Chapter 3 provides the theoretical framework used in the study. The first part discusses Pask’s Conversation Theory and the second part discussed Landa’s Algo-Heuristic Theory. Chapter 4 provides the methodology used for obtaining the results needed. This section explains the research design the study used. Sample, sample setting, procedure and data collection and analysis are discussed. The sample and sample setting for the study is discussed in the first part. In the second part, the author explained the procedures done from the pre-assessment stage to the classroom setting to the final assessment stage. The third part discussed how the data was collected and analyzed. In Chapter 5, results obtained from the experiment are discussed. The students’ scores obtained in the pre-assessment, addition and subtraction, multiplication and division, and final assessment examinations are shown in the first part. In the second part, results from the interview are discussed. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes the paper. The first part summarized the main findings discussed in Chapter 5. The second part gives recommendations for the teachers on how to teach mathematics for understanding to bilingual students. The third part provides limitations for the study as well as recommendations for future researches that can be carried on from this study. Bilingualism has no clear-cut definition yet but Shenker (no date) provided a definition in terms of young children. According to Shenker (no date), bilingual children are â€Å"are those†¦ who speak/have been spoken to in two (or more) languages in the home since birth and who are spoken to in only one or both of those two languages at school. † (Shenker, no date). These children may also be spoken in one language at home but acquired (or is exposed to) a second-language when they start attending school. Bilingual children were perceived to have less advantageous situations than monolingual children. This perception was radically changed in 1962 by Peal and Lambert. Peal and Lambert (1962) conducted a research regarding the premise that bilingualism causes retardation. Their study reached the conclusion that experiences from two cultures provide bilingual children with greater benefits than that experienced by monolinguals such as increased mental dexterity and superior ability to think abstractly (Peal Lambert, 1962). Other researches prove that bilingual children have superior performances than their monolingual counterparts. Researches show an association between bilingualism and greater cognitive flexibility and awareness of language (Cummins Culutsan, 1974; Diaz, 1983; Hakuta Diaz, 1984). Moreover, bilingual children were proven to have more effective controlled processes. Although their study was conducted among adults only, they generally concluded â€Å"that controlled processing is carried out more effectively by bilinguals and that bilingualism helps to offset age-related losses in certain executive processes† (Bialystok, Klein, Craik, Viswanathan, 2004).

Prison diversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Prison diversity - Research Paper Example The two statistics that were conducted in 2003 and 2012 tells us a terrible tale of how racial oppression still exists in US. Despite the country having a African American president and black attorney general racial oppression still exist thus African men being jailed for petty incidences. Despite the efforts of activist like Martin Luther king, fighting racial oppression in the US still exists, and fighting for their rights seems to be rising now and then. Segregation exists in the United States, black and white scholars do not receive equal schooling fund but they are unequally shared indicating that racism is still being practiced in the education sector. African American The black American men are usually convicted for drug cases and the trends shows that though the number of African American is not so high they are about 52 percent if one compare between them Hispanic and white men. The white males are about 34 percent thus showing the racial oppression in most of American state s (Criminal Justice Sheet, 2013). Inequality still exist since drug cases in women are about 41 percent for female black American comparing with 24 percent of white female. For example, William Barnes who is an African American has been convicted for motor vehicle theft and Jones who is a citizen of America by birth was convicted for the same crime but the judge who presided over the their case was a white by the name Marvin Frankel. Jones who is a white and worked in a restaurant was sentenced to 6 months in jail comparing with William who was sentenced for 2 years in prison. This is a clear indication that it was not fair since the victims were convicted for the same thing and yet a different jail term. Racialism is still being practiced in court of laws oppressing the African American. Due to such kind of ruling, it is evident that one in three black males who are born in United States is expected to go to prison compared with one in every six Hispanic men and one white out of 17 who are likely to be incarcerated (Marc 1999). The issue of ethnicity is highly considered in US since if one is white or Hispanic is likely to be charged less stiffly comparing with the black American men. United Nation human rights activist has indicated that America is violating the international agreements in civil and political rights of African people thus need to review the agreement again. United nation human right committee have indicated that racial disparity in United States is in the criminal justice system and starts from arrest to trial and lastly to sentencing. The lawyers or the defendants are disadvantaged thus if an African is having one defendant, then a white is having two who are not approved by a public court. Hispanic men Latino male’s still face stiff sentence especially if they are not employed comparing with other offenders who are white men. Black and Latino defendants are mostly disadvantaged compared to white defendants when it comes to regal pro cesses. For example, when a lawyer defends black or Hispanic men they are more disadvantaged and even the case is not fairly listened comparing to a case where a white man is involved. Latino defendants are punished more severely compared to white defendants for crimes like drug and property crimes. This shows how race and inequality is practiced by

Economics and Business of Insurance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Economics and Business of Insurance - Assignment Example The minimum wage law formulated by the government in London sets the wage above that dictated by market forces. This results in employers hiring few labourers than what they would have employed without the prefixed minimum wage. Examples abound in hotels, restaurants and catering outlets marked by high number of vacancies (Munday 60). Another point that has been identified by Toporowski is that the city politics in U.K. has often led to inefficient resource allocation, thereby resulting in a sub-optimal path of capital accumulation and industrial development (Toporowski 143). According to Economic and Research Council Report 2004-2005, productivity performance of U.K. is not very impressive. U.K. has been haunted by productivity gap for a long time, compared to other countries of the European Union. A number of reasons have been upheld by the Council, which are considered as probable reasons for this less productive nature. They are investment and innovation failure; poor labour relations; over-regulation of business; and lack of entrepreneurship. These factors have kept productivity of the labour low; which in turn has adversely impacted growth of the nation. The problem of productivity gap can be divided into three stages of time; the first phase occurred in 1945, the second in 1973 and the final one in 1990s. This productivity gap exists in the present scenario. The comparison with other European Nations had revealed that in countries like, France and Germany, the capital invested per worker is higher than in U.K. The labourers in these countries also possess higher level of skills compared to U.K. The works of Stephen Broadberry and Mary O’Mahony suggest that long-run stable investments in physical and human capital are necessary for productivity growth. Labour productivity can be hugely boosted if these areas are worked on properly. This report also highlights a host of factors that can contribute to

Marxist and Funtionalist Perspectives on Inequality of Educational Essay

Marxist and Funtionalist Perspectives on Inequality of Educational Achievement Due to Social Class - Essay Example At the least, the democratic socialist countries would be expected to have achieved greater educational equality among citizens of distinct class backgrounds. It was found that the Soviet Union has not achieved educational equality to a noticeable extent, based on its characterization as a state capitalist country, deeply divided by class distinctions, and with the state bureaucracy at its core (Liston, 1988). Ramirez (2006) argues that cross-nationally, family background is clearly related to academic achievement; however, there is extensive cross-national variation in the correlation between achievement and aspirations. According to Ream and Palardy (2008), ‘social capital’ forms one of the components of social class which includes material and human capital. The researchers examined how parental social networks divided by class increase educational inequality among school children. Further, the authors used survey data to determine whether â€Å"certain forms of pare ntal social capital create educational advantages for socioeconomically privileged students vis-a-vis their less economically fortunate peers† (Ream and Palardy, 2008, p.238). Distinguishing between the availability of social capital and its convertibility, while greater extents of parental social capital was found to be concurrent with higher rungs in the social class ladder; the utility value of social capital for education was not clearly related to class status. A possible exception to this tendency could be the collective influence of middle-class parents’ ideas on beneficially changing school policies and practices. It is important to investigate whether the economic and sociological reasons for inequality can promote â€Å"educationally useful... As the paper stresses distinguishing between the availability of social capital and its convertibility, while greater extents of parental social capital was found to be concurrent with higher rungs in the social class ladder; the utility value of social capital for education was not clearly related to class status. A possible exception to this tendency could be the collective influence of middle-class parents’ ideas on beneficially changing school policies and practices. It is important to investigate whether the economic and sociological reasons for inequality can promote â€Å"educationally useful social exchange among parents across social boundaries†. This discussion explores that social justice and equity in connection with higher education is an important area of research towards policy formulation. These concepts help to create a more impartial, courteous, and just society for everyone. This conceptualization focuses on society as a whole; however â€Å"higher education research literature looks inward towards higher education itself†. In the social composition of higher education’s staff and student populations, it is found that equity and social justice agendas are imported from the wider society. This approach considers the rules of the competition as unfair if particular social groups are excluded or placed in a disadvantageous position in the competition for higher education. Functionalism is characterised as a set of three interrelatedd theses about the social world.

Defining Success in Project Management

Defining Success in Project Management EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report focuses upon the constituents of project success and provides key recommendations to enhance the company’s policy manual and understanding. The constituents are: Timescale Cost Quality Health and Safety Legacy Case studies examining projects which are established as being excessively flawed in one or more area feature: The Boston ‘big dig’, USA (timescale, cost, quality, safety) Qatar 2022 World Cup (safety, legacy, quality) Sydney Opera House (timescale, cost) In contrast, the London 2012 Olympic project is regarded as a major success. This expansive project was delivered safely on time, on budget and boasts a positive legacy. Failures common to the flawed projects are compared to the success of the Olympics. These company qualities constitute project management success: achieving ambitious performance targets developing partnerships Having a trained, integrated, experienced and motivated workforce placing value delivered over costs saved THE CONSTITUENTS OF SUCCESS Project management is a continuously evolving discipline. There is no golden formula to ensure perfect success (Smith, 2008). However, understanding gained through experience, investment in training and development of targets helps realise a project as successfully as possible. The constituents of success may be identified as: Timescale. A successful company adheres to defined objectives, plans effectively, anticipates problems and delivers a project to the client by an agreed deadline. Finance. This is not just about keeping costs low and within a defined budget, but about delivering the best value. Waste should be minimised and labour efficiency maximised. Margins are traditionally low in the industry (Egan, 1998): a successful company does not merely survive but makes a good enough profit to: Continue delivering the best value for clients and stakeholders Attract long term shareholders Invest in training, research and product development. Be honest and realistic about budgets Quality. There should be no building defects and through value management, client expectations should not only be met but exceeded. Through quality, a successful company retains and grows their client base and develops partnering arrangements. Partnerships with major clients reduce cost and timescales (Egan, 1998). Health and Safety. A successful project ensures a paucity of injuries and avoids fatalities. Legacy. A successful project leaves an appropriate, lasting imprint in the following ways: Political – promoting infrastructure and industry improvement. Economic – generating income for the area. Environmental – sustainability, adhering to low carbon construction. Cultural – benefitting all stakeholders. Technical – pushing the boundaries of achievement. Ideally succeeding on all levels, projects may instead succeed in one or more area but fail excessively in other areas. Three cases deemed overall failures are examined. FAILURE CASE STUDIES THE ‘BIG DIG’, BOSTON, USA Figure 1 The Big Dig or Central Artery/Tunnel Project (Geotimes, 2002) The ‘Big Dig’, launched in 1991, was the most expensive construction scheme in U.S. history designed to replace an outdated highway costing the economy $500 m/year (Silverman, 2015). The project was originally estimated at $2.6 billion due for completion in 1998 (National Academy of Engineering, 2003). However, delays pushed the project completion date to 2007 with cost overruns of $12.2 billion (Silverman, 2015). There were numerous reasons for the project delays: Tunnel leaks caused by lack of due diligence Program delays due to numerous revisions of the signature cable stayed bridge Change of management and communication issues Failure to manage client and stakeholder involvement Challenges of undertaking construction alongside daily public use Additionally, a tragedy occurred when ceiling panels in a tunnel collapsed, causing a fatality and resulting in extensive litigation for management. Federal investigation blamed inadequate materials and the projects escalating budget (LeBlanc, 2007). The excessive failures of the project led to extensive evaluation. Figure 2 shows the changing total project cost. Inflation contributed heavily approximately $6.5 billion. However, the true impact was difficult to assess due to the dynamic interplay of scope, schedule and construction costs. Mitigation costs were inadequately quantified (National Academy of Engineering, 2003). Figure 2 Cost History and Scope Evolution, in millions of dollars (Data from Edwards, 2002) 2022 WORLD CUP, QATAR Figure 3 Stadium construction site (Bhatia, 2014) The 2022 World Cup in Qatar is another prominent example of management failure. It remains to be seen whether the project will finish on time and on budget, although the figure reported by Deloitte is an excessive $200 billion USD (Figure 4) (Deloitte, 2013). However, regardless of final performance in these regards, the project will be remembered as an appalling failure in safe and responsible construction. Reports have emerged exposing unethical (and in some cases, illegal) practises on the part of contractors responsible for the various sites and developments. Despite the colossal spending involved in the project, the cost of construction work has been minimised through cheap migrant labour subjected to poor working conditions and minimal pay. Workers’ payslips reveal that some labourers were paid as little as  £4.90 a day, or 45p an hour. In other cases, pay has been withheld for up to one year (Booth and Pattison, 2014). Beyond financial exploitation, there has been disregard from contractors regarding safety on-site: controls are often lax and additionally, labourers are required to work in extreme temperatures for long hours. Both of these factors combined resulted in a reported death toll of over one per day for workers in 2014 (Gibson and Pattison, 2014). Figure 5 illustrates the death toll in comparison with equivalent sporting events. Figure 5 – Construction deaths in recent sporting events (London Loves Business, 2014) It should be noted that this performance can be attributed primarily to the contractors managing the projects – an international law firm’s report confirmed that â€Å"it appears clear to us that the legislation is in place to ensure migrant workers wages are paid and to preclude unauthorised deductions. It is, therefore, an issue of the proper monitoring and enforcement of such legislation.† The same conclusion was also expressed regarding worker safety considerations (DLA Piper, 2014). Regardless of deadlines or commercial performance, a key managerial role must be to ensure a safe, ethically run site. For this reason the construction of Qatar 2022 will always be considered a failure. 3.3 SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE Known globally as the symbol for Australia, Sydney Opera House is arguably one of the world’s most breath-taking structures, floating effortlessly atop the Sydney Harbour. However, the task of realising the project was far from effortless. Figure 6 Sydney Opera House (SOH) (Enochlau, 2006) In 1957, architect Jà ¸rn Utzon won the competition initiated by the New South Wales government for the building. Construction started in 1959 with Utzon as project manager. The first failure stemmed from biased judgement tending to architectural form rather than feasibility. The judging panel also failed to evaluate how much experience the competition entrants had with large-scale design projects. The incomplete, untested structural strategy proposed to achieve the complex roof design was the second failure; the project started without a full set of completed drawings (MIT, 2011). This was one of the first major projects to be designed using CAD software, thus imposing challenges in itself. Furthermore, there was no clear program, resulting in major design changes being made on a daily basis during construction. These changes included the demolition and reconstruction of parts of the structure and consequently the budget soared to an unprecedented level. Stakeholders began to get involved and demanded alterations be made for financial reasons. For example, the Australian Broadcasting Commission wanted the proposed larger opera hall to be converted to a concert hall because to increase revenue through larger audiences (MIT, 2011). Figure 7 SOH under construction (Martin, 2012) In 1966 Utzon resigned as project manager, taking the majority of the designs with him. The new management subsequently struggled to replicate them which had significant cost and program implications. The project took 14 years to complete, which was originally planned for 4 years. The total cost amounted to $102 million AUSD; the initial estimate was $7 million (Martin, 2012). The scale and complexity of the project was unprecedented and the original cost estimate was highly unrealistic. A SUCCESS STORY: LONDON OLYMPIC GAMES 2012 The London 2012 Olympics was undoubtedly a management success. This can be attributed to two key factors ambitious targets and foresight in planning. Figure 8 Queen Elizabeth 11 Olympic Park, London (Inhabitat, 2010) The Olympic Design Authority (ODA) had clearly defined targets concerning environment and sustainability, health safety and design legacy. PICTURE The ODA began planning the Olympic bid and brief well in advance of construction. They utilised the knowledge and experience of specialist government departments (e.g. Health and Safety Executive) concerning: The commissioning of studies to identify contractors with relevant experience Setting targets for each phase Monitoring and developing partnerships with contractors On site health and safety management (HSE involvement) Despite a multitude of challenges arising from the enormous scale, the project succeeded on many levels: Delivered on time final works completed in September 2011. Exemplary health and safety record – the plan was to set a new standard in construction, to research educate the industry to develop a health and safety conscious and proactive culture. This was achieved emphatically; there were no work related fatalities on the whole of the construction programme. Injury frequency rate as reported by the HSE per 100,000 hours worked was 0.16, well below the industry average of 0.55 (Bolt et al, 2012). Legacy – The project provided: re-use of world class sporting facilities, affordable housing to a now prime area, implementation of modern infrastructure and a massive urban regeneration programme. Cost The original cost of the games in its entirety was advertised at around the  £2.4 billion mark. This was revised to  £9.3 billion in 2007 (DCMS 2012). Despite being initially over budget, there was openness and transparency concerning financing. This resulted in a revised, realistic budget which delivered a successful venue for the games. COMMON FAILURES AND COMPARISON WITH SUCCESS Considering the constituents of success in section 2, table 5.1 compares common themes found within the failures to the success of London 2012. Table 5.1: Comparing common failure themes with success. It is clear that a project may be deemed a success if the above criteria are achieved with the exception of sticking rigidly to an original budget. Ultimately, the British Government was correct in spending more to entirely achieve the other four criteria. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This report concludes that having control and command of the five areas outlined in sections 2 and 5 constitutes success. If a project is a technical success but fails on other levels, then it may be deemed an overall failure. Equally, saving money does not equate to success or delivering the best value for stakeholders and spending money does not guarantee safety. The policy manual should therefore state that the company: Establishes and adheres to a system of clear performance targets. Allowing evaluation of quality and performance. Pursues a culture of establishing partnering relationships with clients offering repeat business. Improving efficiency. Decreasing the need for tendering and contracts (Egan, 1998). Employs an integrated, trained, safe and motivated workforce. Sharing and pooling experience across disciplines. Working together on numerous projects. Avoiding fatalities and major injuries. Considers finance by value delivered rather than money saved. Exuding financial honesty and transparency. BIBLIOGRAPHY Bolt, H. Haslam, R. Gibb, A. Waterson, P., (2012). Pre-conditioning for success. Loughborough: HSE, (RR955). Booth, R., Pattison, P. 2014. Qatar World Cup stadium workers earn as little as 45p an hour [online]. Doha: The Guardian. Available from: http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/jul/29/qatar-world-cup-stadium-workers-earn-45p-hour [Accessed 21/02/15] Booth, R., Pattison, P. 2014. Qatar World Cup: migrants wait a year to be paid for building offices [online]. Doha: The Guardian. Available from: http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/jul/28/qatar-world-cup-migrants-not-paid-building-office [Accessed 21/02/15] Bust, P. (2011). Learning legacy. Loughborough: Loughborough University, (ODA 2011/269). Deloitte, 2013. Insight into the Qatar construction market and opportunities for real estate developers. Middle East: Deloitte Corporate Finance Limited. Department of Culture, Media and Sport. (2010). November London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic budget report published Anticipated final cost down  £29m. Gov Announcements Online. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/november-london-2012-olympic-and-paralympic-budget-report-published-anticipated-final-cost-down-29m2 [Accessed 25/02/2015 Department for Culture, Media and Sport, (2012). London 2012 Olympic And Paralympic Games – Quarterly Report. London: DCMS DLA Piper, 2014. Migrant labour in the construction sector in the state of Qatar. Qatar: DLA Piper UK LLP Egan, J.,The Construction Task Force. Rethinking Construction. 1998. [online]. Available from: URLhttp://www.constructingexcellence.org.uk/pdf/rethinking%20construction/rethinking_construction_report.pdf [Accessed 16 February 2015]. Egan, J.,The Strategic Forum for Construction. Accelerating Change. ISBN 1 898671 28 1. Rethinking Construction, Construction Industry Council. ENOCHLAU. (2006) Sydney Opera House Sails. [Online]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sydney_Opera_House_Sails.jpg#filehistory . Wikipedia. [Accessed on: 26th February 2015]. Gibson, O., Pattison, P. 2014. Death toll among Qatar’s 2022 World Cup workers revealed [online]. Kathmandu: The Guardian. Available from: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/23/qatar-nepal-workers-world-cup-2022-death-toll-doha [Accessed 21/02/15] IRVINE, J. (2013) Why Sydneys Opera House was the worlds biggest planning disaster. [Online]. Available from: http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/why-sydneys-opera-house-was-the-worlds-biggest-planning-disaster/story-e6freon6-1226744769556 . [Accessed on: 26th February 2015]. LeBlanc, Steve., 2007. On Dec. 31, It’s Official: Boston’s Big Dig Will Be Done [online]. Available from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/25/AR2007122500600_3.html [Accessed 13 February 2015]. MARTIN, C. G. O. (2012) The Sidney Opera House construction: A case of project management failure. [Online]. Available from: http://www.eoi.es/blogs/cristinagarcia-ochoa/2012/01/14/the-sidney-opera-house-construction-a-case-of-project-management-failure/ . [Accessed on: 26th February 2015]. MIT. (2011) Project Evaluation. [Online]. Available from: file:///C:/Users/staples/Documents/Bath%20University/3rd%20Year/Semester%202/Management%202/The%20Sydney%20Opera%20House.pdf . [Accessed on: 26th February 2015]. National Research Council Committee for Review of the Project Management Practices Employed on the Boston Central Artery/Tunnel (Big Dig) Project, National Research Council, National Academy of Engineering., 2003. Completing the â€Å"Big Dig: managing the final stages of Boston’s central artery/tunnel project. National Academies Press, 2003, pp, 1,3,7,8,10,12,14,17. Silverman, Jacob., 10 Construction Projects That Broke the Bank [online]. Available from: http://science.howstuffworks.com/engineering/structural/10-construction-projects.htm#page=9 [Accessed 13 February 2015] Smith, N.J., 2008. Engineering Project Management. ISBN: 978-1-4051-6802-1. Blackwell Publishing, Third Edition. http://www.geotimes.org/oct02/bostonsandgravel.jpg (Source: W.Edwards, â€Å"Project History,† Presentation to the Committee on October 21, 2002) Qatar World Cup preparation expected to invite deals worth $150bn Bhatia, N. 2014. http://www.bigprojectme.com/news/qatar-world-cup-preparation-expected-to-invite-deals-worth-150bn/ http://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/data-mine/2014/06/24/world-cup-price-tag-multiplies-with-time http://www.londonlovesbusiness.com/business-news/london-2012-olympics/this-graph-shows-the-sickening-extent-of-the-qatar-world-cup-deaths/8120.article Vinter, R Image Available http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2010/10/ukolympic-ed01.jpg

Mary Shelleys Frankenstein - The Individual and Society Essay

Frankenstein: The Individual and Society      Ã‚  Ã‚   The creature's ambiguous humanity has long puzzled readers of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. In this essay I will focus on how Frankenstein can be used to explore two philosophical topics, social contract theory, and gender roles, in light of ideas from Shelley's two philosophical parents, William Godwin, and Mary Wollstonecraft.    What Does it Mean to be Human? Individual and Society    One historically important tradition in social and political philosophy is called "Social Contract Theory." It gives a way of thinking about what it means to be human, raising fundamental questions such as: what is human nature, in itself, apart from society? Are people fundamentally equal, and if so, why, in what ways? What justifies governmental authority? In what sense are people free and independent if their lives are ruled by laws and governmental authorities?    Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), and John Locke (1632-1704), were English philosophers who approached these questions by hypothesizing a "state of nature." Try to imagine what a person would be like if he or she lived outside of any governed society. Hobbes thought that people would be isolated, desperately afraid of harm from others. Life would be, in Hobbes' memorable phrase, "poore, solitary, nasty, brutish and short." Locke wasn't quite so pessimistic. He thought that in the state of nature, people would be fairly sociable, and would establish private property and trade. Both Hobbes and Locke thought that insecurity in the state of nature would lead people to join together and give to a governmental authority the right to make laws and punish offenders. Hence, for them, government is based on a "social contrac... ...manly virtues are, in fact, weaknesses. Wollstonecraft insists, "The most perfect education, in my opinion, is such an exercise of the understanding as is best calculated to strengthen the body and form the heart....It is a farce to call any being virtuous whose virtues do not result from the exercise of its own reason" (103). When women are socialized to be feminine, when their reasoning powers are not developed, and when they have no option but to be economically dependent on men, their characters will become perverted, and they will become servile or manipulative.    Works Cited: Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Emile. 1762. translated by William Boyd, New York: Columbia University, 1956. Shelley, Mary. 1818. Frankenstein. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1996. Wollstonecraft, Mary. 1792. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. New York: Penguin Books, 1992.

Harry Potter- Moral and Social Lessons

Essay Draft- Discuss how the novel Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone by J. K. Rowling teaches us important moral and social lessons. Novels aren’t just a source of entertainment, they also contain important social and moral lessons. This can be seen in the novel Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone by J. K Rowling through the journey of Harry Potter and his friends in their first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.During this time they have to work together to defeat Voldemort, a gifted ex-student who tried to kill Harry when he was a baby, and Professor Quirrell, an easily manipulated current teacher, who are working with the dark side to obtain the Philosophers Stone and protect the school from evil. In their quest to protect themselves and their school they face many challenges, which test their ethics. The text transports readers to the magical world of Hogwarts while teaching them many moral and social lessons that help equip them with tools that help them live well and respectfully.Some of the lessons in Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone are you need a little power and responsibility, the significance of love and the importance of friendship. Everyone needs a bit of power and responsibility, however sometimes people’s power and responsibility get to their head and it turns into a bad thing. In Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone Harry has a lot of power because of his fame but he is very humble about it and doesn’t think of it as a big deal, â€Å"’Blimey,’ said the other twin. â€Å"Are you-? ’ ‘He is,’ said the first twin. ‘Aren’t you? ’ he added to Harry. What? ’ said Harry. ‘Harry Potter’ chorused the twins. ‘Oh, him,’ said Harry. ‘I mean, yes, I am’† Harry also has a lot of responsibility because he is the only one that can save the Philosophers Stone however even the burden and responsibi lity of his task he manages to keep a level head and stays calm. The power does not change/define who he is, â€Å"’If anything happens to me, don’t follow. Go straight to the owlery and send Hedwig to Dumbledore, right? ’† This teaches readers an important moral lesson about how good power and responsibility can be if in the right hands.Everyone has a need and a desire to be loved. In the text Harry has a want to be loved because he comes from a miserable life where his aunty and uncle didn’t really care about him and his cousin was horrible. His biggest desire in the world is to have a real family, â€Å"’It shows us nothing more or less than the deepest, most desperate desire of our hearts. You, who have never known your family, see them standing around you. ’† Harry also has a ‘force field’ around him because of how his mother died for him, the love she had for him will always protect him from harm, â€Å"â₠¬â„¢Your mother died to save you.If there is one thing Voldemort cannot understand, it is love. He didn’t realize that love as powerful as your mother’s for you leaves its own mark. Not a scar, no visible sign†¦ to have been loved so deeply, even though the person who loved us is gone, will give us some protection forever. It is in your very skin. Quirrell, full of hatred and, greed and ambition, sharing his soul with Voldemort, could not touch you for this reason. It was agony to touch a person marked by something so good. ’† Knowing the importance of love is a useful social lesson that the text teaches readers.Lastly, the book Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone teaches readers about the importance of friendship. Before Harry went to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, he had no friends and was nervous about attending the school. Once he arrives he bonds with Ron and Hermione over their shared fear because of the high expectations laid u pon them. But without Hermione and Ron Harry would never have been able to retrieve the Philosophers Stone, Hermione’s brain saves them when they are stuck in the Devil’s Snare, â€Å"’Devil’s Snare, Devil’s Snare†¦ What did Professor Sprout say?It likes the dark and the damp-‘† Also without Ron’s knowledge of chess they wouldn’t have been able to pass the giant chess set and because of their friendship Ron sacrificed himself to protect his friends so they could continue on their journey to obtain the Philosophers Stone. â€Å"’That’s chess! ’ snapped Ron. ‘Ron you’ve got to make sacrifices! I’ll make my move and she’ll take me – that leaves you free to checkmate the king, Harry! ’† Friendship is a crucial part of our society with social contact we would not be truly happy, the book teaches us this important social lesson.The novel Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone by J. K. Rowling is an adventure packed fantasy novel, but it still teaches its teachers social and moral lessons. In this text it portrays the importance of friendship, the need for love and a little rebellion is sometimes ok. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. I need to add another sentence in here†¦ Nutshell Statement maybe†¦ The fantasy novel Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone by J. K. Rowling is the story of young Harry Potter who one morning in his pretty miserable life discovers he is a wizard†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Power and responsibility * A little rebellion is sometimes necessary The importance of friendship Page of quotes Paragraph 1 Power and Responsibility â€Å"’Blimey,’ said the other twin. â€Å"Are you-? ’ ‘He is,’ said the first twin. ‘Aren’t you? ’ he added to Harry. ‘What? ’ said Harry. ‘Harry Potter’ chorused the twins. ‘Oh, him,’ said Harry. ‘I mea n, yes, I am’† â€Å"’If anything happens to me, don’t follow. Go straight to the owlery and send Hedwig to Dumbledore, right? ’† Paragraph 2 The significance of love â€Å"’It shows us nothing more or less than the deepest, most desperate desire of our hearts. You, who have never known your family, see them standing around you. † â€Å"’Your mother died to save you. If there is one thing Voldemort cannot understand, it is love. He didn’t realize that love as powerful as your mother’s for you leaves its own mark. Not a scar, no visible sign†¦ to have been loved so deeply, even though the person who loved us is gone, will give us some protection forever. It is in your very skin. Quirrell, full of hatred and, greed and ambition, sharing his soul with Voldemort, could not touch you for this reason. It was agony to touch a person marked by something so good. ’† Paragraph 3 The importance of Lo ve